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　　板(ban)(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)是一(yi)種***、緊湊的換(huan)(huan)熱設(she)備，19世紀80年(nian)代(dai)首先作為(wei)(wei)連續低溫殺菌(jun)器(qi)(qi)(qi)研制成功，到上(shang)世紀20年(nian)代(dai)開(kai)始(shi)應用于(yu)(yu)食(shi)品(pin)工(gong)(gong)業。由于(yu)(yu)板(ban)(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)制造和使用上(shang)都有(you)一(yi)些獨特之處(chu)。因(yin)此，目前板(ban)(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)已經(jing)廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)應用于(yu)(yu)石油、化工(gong)(gong)、輕工(gong)(gong)、電力、冶金、機械(xie)、能(neng)源等(deng)工(gong)(gong)業領(ling)域(yu)，成為(wei)(wei)換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)家族中***競爭力的品(pin)種。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)是從上(shang)世紀60年(nian)代(dai)開(kai)始(shi)生產板(ban)(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)，至今板(ban)(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)很(hen)多領(ling)域(yu)都得(de)到廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的應用。

　　在(zai)(zai)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)技術(shu)中，換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是不可(ke)缺少的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)設(she)(she)備，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)(qi)(qi)、蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、回熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)及中間冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻器(qi)(qi)(qi)等換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)設(she)(she)備，不僅(jin)在(zai)(zai)重量(liang)、體(ti)積(ji)和(he)金屬耗量(liang)上(shang)占整個制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)裝置的(de)(de)(de)50%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，而且(qie)對(dui)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)性(xing)能(neng)也會產(chan)生重大影響。因此強化(hua)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)傳熱(re)(re)(re)(re)，減(jian)少重量(liang)和(he)體(ti)積(ji)，降(jiang)低(di)(di)金屬消耗量(liang)一(yi)(yi)直是制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)技術(shu)中的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展方向，現(xian)(xian)已出(chu)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)新型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)、全(quan)焊接式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)技術(shu)中的(de)(de)(de)應用，并(bing)且(qie)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)出(chu)強勁的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展潛力(li)。與制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)用殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)相比，除了(le)(le)具有(you)板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)特點(dian)，制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)用板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)還具有(you)如下特點(dian)。制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑充灌量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)，有(you)利于環境保護和(he)降(jiang)低(di)(di)運(yun)行成本殼(ke)管(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)殼(ke)側(ce)和(he)管(guan)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)容積(ji)都很大，要使制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統正(zheng)常工作，必須(xu)充灌大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑，而且(qie)還可(ke)能(neng)造成環境污(wu)染。而板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)體(ti)積(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)，另一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)間距尺(chi)寸也小(xiao)(xiao)。凍(dong)結(jie)傾(qing)向少，抗凍(dong)性(xing)能(neng)高(gao)(gao)由(you)于水在(zai)(zai)低(di)(di)流速時，就能(neng)在(zai)(zai)板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中形成高(gao)(gao)度紊流，溫度分(fen)布非常均勻，從而減(jian)少了(le)(le)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凍(dong)水的(de)(de)(de)凍(dong)結(jie)傾(qing)向。即使發(fa)(fa)生了(le)(le)凍(dong)結(jie)，也更能(neng)承受凍(dong)結(jie)所產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)壓力(li)，而不像殼(ke)管(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)那樣容易(yi)使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)脹裂，并(bing)且(qie)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)結(jie)凍(dong)后(hou)繼續使用。蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)徹底，經濟性(xing)高(gao)(gao)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑在(zai)(zai)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)板式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)時，很容易(yi)實現(xian)(xian)完全(quan)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)達到(dao)無液態(tai)程(cheng)(cheng)度，因此在(zai)(zai)大多(duo)數情況(kuang)下，制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統無須(xu)設(she)(she)置氣液分(fen)離(li)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。并(bing)且(qie)極(ji)易(yi)實現(xian)(xian)單元(yuan)化(hua)，安(an)裝簡單方便，維護和(he)運(yun)輸都可(ke)以(yi)(yi)節約費用，降(jiang)低(di)(di)成本。

　　由于與(yu)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)殼管式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)相比，制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有(you)十分明顯的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)優勢，自上(shang)(shang)世紀(ji)(ji)70年(nian)代開(kai)(kai)始(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝置(zhi)中得到(dao)應用(yong)(yong)以來，已經日(ri)益(yi)受到(dao)人(ren)們的(de)(de)重視，特別(bie)是許多發(fa)(fa)達國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)，如歐(ou)洲、美國(guo)、澳大利亞(ya)等都非常重視制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)研究(jiu)和應用(yong)(yong)。**在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)世紀(ji)(ji)80年(nian)代開(kai)(kai)始(shi)研究(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝置(zhi)中使用(yong)(yong)，收到(dao)了良好的(de)(de)經濟效益(yi)，世界上(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)***的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)公司如約克(ke)、開(kai)(kai)利、日(ri)立(li)等也(ye)(ye)相繼在(zai)(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝置(zhi)中采用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。進入20世紀(ji)(ji)90年(nian)代后，制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)又(you)得到(dao)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)夠應用(yong)(yong)于氨(an)(an)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)瑞典斯(si)特爾公司研制(zhi)(zhi)成功。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新型(xing)的(de)(de)組合式(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)結合了板(ban)(ban)(ban)框式(shi)(shi)和釬(han)焊式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)特點。與(yu)氟(fu)利昂(ang)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)相比，采用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)氨(an)(an)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)不僅在(zai)(zai)(zai)機(ji)組材料(liao)、體積重量上(shang)(shang)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)優勢，而且(qie)性能(neng)系(xi)數也(ye)(ye)要高10%~20%。目前，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)系(xi)統(tong)已經形成了8個產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，冷(leng)(leng)量從10kw~1000kw。氨(an)(an)用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)成功，不僅拓寬(kuan)了板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)技術中的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)范圍，而且(qie)對保(bao)護大氣臭氧、保(bao)護環境都有(you)重要意(yi)義(yi)，同時也(ye)(ye)必將(jiang)促進制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)技術的(de)(de)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。我國(guo)自上(shang)(shang)世紀(ji)(ji)60年(nian)代初開(kai)(kai)始(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，到(dao)1994年(nian)，以節能(neng)型(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品定點的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)即達15家(jia)(jia)(jia)，并且(qie)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)還進行板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)蒸發(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及其傳熱(re)特性的(de)(de)研究(jiu)工作，然而這(zhe)些(xie)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)也(ye)(ye)僅限(xian)于生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)框式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(DHE)。

　　在(zai)我國，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)板式(shi)(shi)換熱器的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)尚處于(yu)起步階(jie)段，日前(qian)許多制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)廠家都在(zai)自己的(de)(de)產品中采用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)板式(shi)(shi)換熱器，而(er)且(qie)其產品廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)受到用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)青睞。可以預計(ji)，隨著對(dui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)板式(shi)(shi)換熱器的(de)(de)了(le)解和(he)認(ren)識(shi)，板式(shi)(shi)換熱器以其***傳(chuan)熱，結(jie)(jie)構緊湊，節(jie)能節(jie)材(cai)并具環保(bao)功能等(deng)特點，必(bi)將越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)廣(guang)泛地應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。板式(shi)(shi)換熱器是一種***緊湊的(de)(de)換熱設備，它的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)幾(ji)乎涉及到所(suo)有的(de)(de)工(gong)業領(ling)域(yu)，而(er)且(qie)其類型(xing)(xing)、結(jie)(jie)構和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍還在(zai)不斷發(fa)展(zhan)。近年來(lai)，焊(han)接型(xing)(xing)板式(shi)(shi)換熱器的(de)(de)緊湊性(xing)、重量輕、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)性(xing)能好、運行成(cheng)本(ben)低等(deng)優越(yue)性(xing)已越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)被人們(men)所(suo)認(ren)識(shi)。隨著我國經濟的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)技術的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)前(qian)途遠(yuan)大(da)，特別是各種大(da)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)工(gong)業制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)空調用(yong)(yong)(yong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan)迅速，這為各種制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)板式(shi)(shi)換熱器的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)提供了(le)廣(guang)闊(kuo)的(de)(de)市場。